DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT

Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for individuals experiencing memory loss or cognitive changes. While Alzheimer’s disease can only be confirmed after death through an autopsy, clinicians can diagnose it with up to 90% accuracy during life using a combination of medical history, physical exams, brain scans, and cognitive testing.

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Proper diagnosis matters because not all memory problems are caused by Alzheimer’s disease — some conditions, like vitamin deficiencies or thyroid problems, can be treated or reversed.

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How Alzheimer’s Is Diagnosed

Healthcare professionals use several steps to identify “probable” Alzheimer’s disease:

• Complete Medical History – to review symptoms, medications, and risk factors.

• Physical Exam and Lab Tests – to rule out other health conditions.

• Brain Imaging – scans such as MRI or CT to detect structural changes.

• Neuropsychological Testing – evaluations of memory, attention, language skills, and problem-solving abilities.

If you or someone you love is experiencing significant memory loss or confusion, consult a healthcare provider. Early diagnosis allows individuals to access treatments, plan for the future, and connect with support services sooner.

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Treatment Options for Alzheimer’s

Currently, there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, but medications and therapies may help slow the progression of symptoms and improve quality of life. Researchers are continually developing and testing new drug therapies aimed at controlling symptoms, reducing behavioral challenges, and ultimately preventing or halting the disease.

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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several medications for Alzheimer’s disease, including:

• Donepezil (Aricept) – for mild to severe Alzheimer’s, depending on dosage.

• Rivastigmine (Exelon) – available in pill and patch form for mild to severe stages.

• Galantamine (Razadyne) – for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.

• Memantine (Namenda XR) – for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s, often used alone or combined with other medications.

These drugs may come in various dosages, forms (tablet, capsule, liquid, or patch), and release schedules. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any medication to review medical history, allergies, and potential side effects.

 

Beyond Medication

In addition to drug therapies, research supports the use of:

• Behavioral Management Interventions – to reduce agitation, wandering, and other symptoms.

• Education, Counseling, and Support Services for Caregivers – to improve quality of life for both individuals living with Alzheimer’s and their families.

• Clinical Trials – The National Institute on Aging and FDA track private and government-sponsored studies that may provide access to new therapies.